Each of us has at one time or another faced the need for dental treatment or removal.
Do not be afraid of these procedures, as they are absolutely painless, thanks to various methods of pain relief.
You should understand the questions of what is tooth extraction and anesthesia?
Tooth extraction is a surgical micro-operation, which is prescribed when treatment is impossible. The procedure is performed under anesthesia, sedation or general anesthesia, which allows the removal to be performed comfortably for the patient.
Proper oral care after tooth extraction
To prevent unwanted consequences from occurring, it is important not to do the following:
- touch the wound with your tongue or use other foreign objects for this,
- rinse your mouth generously in the first two days,
- make sudden movements with the facial muscles,
- plunge into hot water or rinse with it,
- Hard to work,
- eat food in the first 3 hours that follow the procedure, it is permissible to drink, but refrain from boiling water.
- You should also abstain from cigarettes at this time,
- alcohol is contraindicated within 24 hours after surgery. If your doctor prescribes the use of antibiotics, you should not drink alcohol until the end of the course of therapy.
Modern technologies for administering anesthesia
The pain of the anesthesia itself, as well as its effectiveness, depend 90% on the skill of the dentist. A professional doctor will make every effort and use various techniques to make the patient feel comfortable. However, all people are different, each has their own pain threshold, and that is why an individual approach not only to the concentration of drugs, but also to premedication before the direct administration of anesthesia is very important.
Today, special anesthesia devices have been developed to help doctors. Naturally, they work under the supervision of a specialist. The electronic system is equipped with special pressure sensors - to avoid pain, the anesthetic must be injected very slowly and immediately after puncturing the tissue. The device is equipped with special needles with a very thin double tip, which again reduces pain.
In addition, by administering a small dose of anesthetic, a kind of allergy test is performed - the doctor assesses the condition of the soft mucous membranes (swelling, redness, rash) and the patient’s general reaction, and the pressure force is controlled by the device.
Safe, painless and effective treatment without pain! Treatment is carried out under the supervision of anesthesiologists capable of providing first aid. Special equipment monitors indicators of the general condition of the body.
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A cold compress will prevent swelling
Immediately after the manipulations, it is necessary to apply a cold compress, since after tooth extraction the cheek may swell.
To do this, take some chilled meat products or ice and apply it, after wrapping it in a cloth. Such actions will help to minimize or even eliminate swelling of the soft areas of the face that can form in the event of a serious intervention.
It is recommended to keep the ice for about 5 minutes, apply it 3-4 times, taking a break between applications. It is important to apply cold immediately after surgery, since further this action will not bring the desired effect. Under no circumstances should you use a warm compress or warm the tissue in any other way - thoughtless intervention can cause suppuration.
Why complications arise
After extraction, a wound is left in the gum and bone in which a blood clot (fibrin) forms. It “seals” the wound, preventing infection, and becomes the basis for the formation of new tissue that fills the space formed after the removal of the 8. After uncomplicated removal, healing lasts about a week. On days 3-4, the blood clot is gradually replaced by granulation tissue, which gradually fills the entire socket. Already after a month, the granulation tissue is completely replaced by connective tissue, and after 3 months - by bone.
Removal of third molars can have negative consequences that appear almost immediately after the intervention. Among the most common complications:
- “dry socket” - when a blood clot does not form or dissolves too quickly;
- paresthesia - damage to the nerve endings around the removed unit;
- alveolitis - inflammation of the socket;
- bleeding;
- cyst - fibrous formation at the site of an extracted tooth;
- endogenous periostitis (flux).
In rare cases, stomatitis, osteomyelitis, jaw trauma, and perforation of the bottom of the maxillary sinus are observed. The occurrence of complications is usually associated with ignoring the dentist’s recommendations regarding oral hygiene during the healing period, decreased immunity, and violation of surgical technique.
If your gums bleed after tooth extraction
You can stop bleeding in a number of effective ways. In most cases, this disease affects people with high blood pressure with hypertension or patients who have had a large vessel damaged.
It is worth noting that due to psychological overload and stress during activities, even in people with normal health, blood pressure may rise. The first step is to apply a tightly rolled piece of sterile bandage to the bleeding site, and then measure the patient’s blood pressure. If it is elevated, you need to resort to medications.
With increased blood pressure, the chance of hematoma and blood appearing after tooth extraction increases. This development of events is dangerous due to suppuration, which will then have to be opened, and bleeding can cause dizziness and weakness.
If bleeding appears several hours after removal, you should not wait for the situation to normalize, but seek medical help.
Diabetes mellitus during tooth extraction
If a person has this disease, it is recommended to measure their sugar levels immediately after surgery. Tension leads to the production of adrenaline, which can increase the rate. By measuring sugar, a person will know about his condition and will be able to prevent side effects.
If a gauze pad is placed on the gum
A gauze swab is placed on the hole if it is etching. In other situations, the use of this remedy is undesirable, as it can provoke inflammation. As the tissue is removed, the blood clot that has formed in the socket is also removed.
If the tissue lining is on the wound, it is necessary to carefully remove it after a certain period of time after removing the tooth. A tampon that has absorbed a certain amount of liquid automatically becomes a breeding ground for a wide range of bacteria. You should not keep it in your mouth for a long time to prevent the appearance of inflammatory processes in the hole that remains after tooth extraction.
Antiseptic rinses for suppurations
There is no need to rinse your mouth intensively; instead, use “baths”. In order not to disturb the damaged tissues, take a special anti-inflammatory solution into your mouth, keep it inside, and then spit it out.
Baths should be carried out if:
- an incision was made to expose the gumboil;
- the tooth was removed due to inflammatory processes;
- there are harmful deposits on the teeth and caries;
- removal of the root of a tooth with caries
For procedures with baths, you can use an aqueous solution of chlorhexidine with a concentration of 0.05%. This drug is inexpensive, it can be purchased ready-made, it has excellent antiseptic effects, and tastes bitter. Such procedures must be carried out 3 times a day. The solution must be kept in the mouth for 1 minute.
If your gums hurt after tooth extraction
Tooth extraction leads to damage to soft tissues, which contain a large number of nerves. The doctor performs the procedures under local anesthesia, so the patient feels discomfort only in one thing - the need to spend a certain amount of time with his mouth wide open.
When the analgesic effect ends and the tooth has already been removed, the pain returns. Usually they are of a “aching” nature and do not fundamentally interfere with normal life activities. But in some cases the pain can be intense.
If the tooth extraction was not caused by inflammatory processes, you can avoid the use of painkillers. If pain relief is necessary to avoid severe pain after tooth extraction, it is recommended to take an analgesic until the anesthetic wears off.
Using painkillers after tooth extraction
If you experience intense pain, you can resort to using “Ketans”; The medicine is dispensed by pharmacists in pharmacies only with a prescription - this is due to the presence of side effects. Severe pain can occur during complex and lengthy medical intervention, especially if it was accompanied by drilling of the bone around the tooth, or if the operation was performed poorly, unprofessionally and traumatically.
“Ketorol” (an analogue of “Ketanov”), “Analgin” (will help reduce mild pain syndrome), “Spazmalgon” (in addition to the analgesic effect has an antiseptic effect), “Baralgin” (a drug that contains “Analgin” in its composition).
What is sedation?
Sedation is a type of anesthesia that uses sedatives to put the patient into a light sleep.
Kinds:
Pharmacological – used for adult patients, through intravenous administration of the latest generation sedatives.
Oxygen – intended for children, used with a nasal mask.
Main contraindications to sedation
In adults:
- Allergy to local anesthetics
- Neuromuscular disorders
- Pregnancy;
In children:
- Under three years of age
- Cough, runny nose, rhinitis
- Epilepsy;
It is necessary to prepare for the sedation procedure. Firstly, you need to avoid eating 3-6 hours before the procedure, and secondly, avoid drinking alcohol 24 hours before.
Features of tooth extraction in pregnant women
- Pain relief methods such as sedation and general anesthesia should not be used, as this may negatively affect the general condition of the fetus.
- It is possible to use local anesthetics, since the effect on the fetus is minimal
- To obtain a dental image, it is recommended to use a radiovisiograph; X-rays are contraindicated.
- Tooth extraction can be carried out during the period from 13 to 23 weeks of pregnancy, but if there is no urgent need, then it is better to postpone the procedure;
Wisdom tooth removal
Wisdom teeth are the painter or chewing teeth located at the end. When chewing, they do not play a significant role; the structure is no different from ordinary teeth.
There are several generally accepted indications for removal:
- ingrowth of roots into the maxillary sinus,
- partial eruption
- facial neuralgia,
- inclined or lateral position,
- caries damage.
When removing a wisdom tooth, painkillers are used to relieve pain. Consequences after the operation may occur depending on the complexity of the operation, surrounding tissues, location, and access to the tooth.
Negative consequences may occur if the patient does not adhere to the doctor's orders. Baths of soda and herbal decoctions will also help alleviate the condition after removal. It is forbidden to rinse; it is important to preserve the blood clot, which protects the wound from infection.
In what cases is it necessary to remove the nerve of a tooth?
Removing the nerve from a tooth kills it. Almost no nutrients are supplied, causing it to become darker and weaker. During treatment, dentists try to keep the dental nerve alive, but sometimes they have to take forced measures to put the oral cavity in order.
Nerve removal is necessary if:
- Deep caries.
If the disease has destroyed almost the entire tooth, there is nothing to save; the main thing for the doctor is to prevent further destructive process.
- Prosthetics.
To install the prosthesis, an incision must be made in the pulp chamber. This is especially necessary in situations where teeth grow at an inclined angle.
- Incorrect treatment in the past.
This can happen if during treatment the doctor resorted to opening the pulp chamber. In this case, it is necessary to partially remove the nerve.
- Mechanical damage.
Injury can lead to chips in the enamel where the nerve is located. If the front teeth are damaged, the nerve is not completely removed.
Antibiotic therapy after removal of unhealthy teeth
Antibiotics are prescribed by the attending physician - dentist. Drugs are prescribed in case of difficult extraction, to prevent the risk of complications if the tooth was removed due to inflammatory processes.
The drug usually prescribed is Lincomycin 0.25. Take capsules after tooth extraction for 5 days, 2 capsules 3 times. If purulent inflammation is present, the antibiotic is prescribed as intramuscular injections.
Those who suffer from intestinal and stomach disorders can take antibiotics in effervescent forms, for example, Unidox Solutab and Flemoxin Solutab.
Pros and cons of local anesthesia in dentistry
Among the advantages of local anesthesia:
- affordable price;
- lack of significant impact on the patient’s body;
- low risk of adverse reactions;
- the ability to treat and remove baby and molars without pain.
The disadvantages include:
- the possibility of developing allergies, including anaphylactic reactions, laryngeal edema;
- low effectiveness if there is a pronounced inflammatory process in the maxillofacial area.
If the anesthesia method is chosen correctly, the removal will take place quickly and without complications. Trust your health to experienced dentists. Then even the most complex dental problems will be solved quickly and without pain.
