State budgetary healthcare institution of the Republic of Tyva Dental clinic  

Possible causes of toothache

Let's figure out why teeth sometimes hurt a lot. The main reason is damage to the teeth themselves and the tissues surrounding them. Most often, such pain occurs with the following dental pathologies2:

Review of painkillers

Table 1. Painkillers

“Remember that the pill is a temporary way to relieve pain.
The effect of the drug will wear off, and the pain may return because the cause itself has not been eliminated. If after the first “bells” you do not go to the dentist, the disease will continue to progress. Each time the pain will get stronger and stronger" Irina Vinogradova, Dentist-therapist, endodontist, head of the department of therapy and periodontology, member of the medical council of the network of clinics "STOMPRAKTIKA.RF"

Nature of toothache

The most common reason why a tooth starts to hurt is caries3. At an early stage, painful sensations from sweet, sour, hot or cold foods may appear. Discomfort disappears immediately after the cessation of the stimulus2. The deeper the caries, the stronger and longer the pain is felt3.

Gradually, the carious process progresses, the tooth pulp becomes inflamed and pulpitis develops. This disease is characterized by severe, spontaneous, throbbing pain, radiating to adjacent teeth, temple, ear and even eyes, and worsening in the evenings and at night3.

Advanced pulpitis leads to the development of a more serious disease—periodontitis. A pronounced aching pain appears, which increases when biting or pressing on the tooth3. Patients often complain about the “feeling of a grown tooth”3.

Trauma is the second most common cause of damage to the integrity of tooth tissue after caries4. Symptoms depend on the degree of damage and can manifest as short-term pain when touching a tooth, or sharp pain from mechanical and temperature stimuli4.

Another reason why people go to the dentist is pain during the eruption of wisdom teeth. This process is characterized by the following symptoms: aching pain in the tooth area, pain when opening the mouth and swallowing, fever, swelling of the mucous membrane and soft tissues of the face5.

Top

What causes aching pain in a tooth?

The main causes of pain are:

• Infectious lesions of dental units: caries, pulpitis, periodontitis. Even in the later stages, these diseases may not give a clearly defined clinical picture and may only manifest as persistent aching pain inside the tooth when exposed to any irritant.
• Too thin enamel layer, cracks and chips in the enamel.
• Periodontitis. In some cases, gum inflammation is accompanied by throbbing toothache.
• Treatment or tooth extraction. Aching pain often appears after the removal of a wisdom tooth or any other tooth - this is a normal reaction to the operation, and usually the painful sensations gradually go away on their own after a few days. Also, aching pain in the tooth often occurs after removal of the nerve - this is a common reaction of the body to treatment and does not require special therapy.

How to relieve pain

Experts believe that pain should never be tolerated. It definitely needs to be stopped, because it harms the body - it disrupts the immune system, hormonal balance, etc.2. Severe pain can even affect mental balance, so the use of painkillers for toothache is a necessary measure to maintain physical and mental health2.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used in dental practice6. If you're looking for tablets that can help with toothache, look no further than Motrin®. This is a universal pain reliever whose active ingredient is naproxen8. It has not only a pronounced analgesic, but also an anti-inflammatory effect7.

Naproxen-based medications help relieve toothache and last up to 12 hours10.

Be aware that uncontrolled use of NSAIDs can lead to serious gastrointestinal, cardiovascular and renal complications7. Therefore, under no circumstances should you engage in self-diagnosis or self-medication - take any medications only as prescribed by your doctor. Do not forget that at home, taking remedies for toothache can only relieve the pain for a short time, and not cure the tooth, so an analgesic drug is only a temporary measure. Once the pain pill wears off, the pain will return.

Top

Helping children with acute toothache

It's impossible to predict

Vacations outside the city, weekends and holidays can be ruined by toothache. For some reason, it always starts at the very moment when there is no way to see a doctor.

To prevent such a nuisance from turning fun weekends and days of horror, you need to regularly visit the pediatric dentist. An experienced doctor will conduct a thorough examination of the entire oral cavity and tell you about any existing problems. If necessary, he will prescribe treatment and preventive procedures. Although this will not give a one hundred percent guarantee that your teeth will not start to hurt in a month, there will be more chances to spend a relaxing vacation away from the dentist’s office. It is advisable to carry out such inspections before leaving for the sea, abroad, to a village or to a children's camp. Finding a dental clinic in such places is problematic. In addition, the dentist will always be able to give advice on what to do if a sharp toothache takes you by surprise.

What hurts the most?

For children, the most unpleasant pain is the pain that occurs during exacerbation of chronic diseases: pulpitis and periodontitis.

Pulpitis

This disease can be suspected by aching pain. As a rule, they begin at night or in the evening. All unpleasant sensations may completely disappear by the morning and reappear in the evening. Pulpitis can also manifest itself in the form of prolonged pain, which intensifies while chewing food. If you examine children's teeth yourself, it is very difficult to determine the disease. Sometimes it is not possible to find anything other than a small “hole”.

When the aching pain lasts for several hours, it begins to “spread” to the neighboring teeth. After a while, it is difficult even for an adult to tell which tooth hurts. And it is even more problematic for a child to point out the source of pain. This complicates the diagnosis of the disease, since it is difficult to determine where to look.

Suspected pulpitis - see a doctor immediately

Pulp is the soft tissue inside the tooth. They are rich in nerve endings and blood vessels. With pulpitis, this bundle begins to become inflamed. At first there may be no pain at all. But over time, the disease begins to manifest itself. If you do not consult a dentist, complications may arise. Inflammation (periodontitis, abscess) gradually spreads to healthy tissues that are located around the diseased tooth. It is very painful and dangerous. Therefore, you cannot do without the help of a specialist.

The doctor will remove all affected areas of the tooth, apply a special medicine to the area of ​​inflammation, and then restore the tooth to its original shape with filling material. If too much hard tissue is removed during treatment, a crown will be placed. All these procedures do not occur in one day. We must prepare for long-term treatment, which can last up to a month.

But! You can save a tooth only if you consult a doctor in time.

What to do before being examined by a doctor?

First of all, the child needs to relieve the pain. Any painkillers approved for children are suitable for this. When a child grows up in the house, as a rule, they are always in the first aid kit (Nurofen, Panadol, etc.). In such cases, it is not worth experimenting with drugs; it is best to give the baby a proven medicine that has helped him before. The doctor will do the rest. It is very important not to put off visiting the dentist, even if the pain completely disappears. An anesthetic cannot cure a diseased tooth, it only eliminates the symptoms of the disease.

Important! You cannot treat a bad tooth yourself, for example, pour crushed aspirin into the “hole”. This will only make the situation worse.

The disease does not go away on its own - there are no miracles

There are situations when a visit to the dentist is impossible for several days, and sometimes even a week. After such a long period, the pain may subside or go away completely. But this does not mean that the disease has passed. The period of exacerbation simply ended, and pulpitis became chronic. The pus could have passed away unnoticed through a hole in the gum, which parents often call a “pimple.” But the infection has not gone away from the body. The inflammation still continues, the child just doesn’t feel it. The infection can penetrate into the molar that is about to grow in this place, or spread throughout the body.

Exacerbation of pulpitis usually begins during a decrease in immunity. The pain occurs simultaneously with a cold or hypothermia.

At this moment, the number of unpleasant symptoms increases:

• The tooth hurts constantly. The pain intensifies while eating.
• The gums around the tooth become red and swollen.
• A fistula tract is formed. The body tries to remove pus through it.
• The tooth begins to loosen.
• The temperature rises, and the face on the side of the diseased tooth may swell.

When the situation has progressed to such signs, there is practically no chance of saving the tooth. And removing a tooth with severe inflammation is very painful. The anesthesia is not always fully effective and the entire process is very sensitive.

How to help your child at home

First of all, it is pain relief. You can give any medicine in the dose allowed for the child’s age. Nurofen, Panadol and other drugs are suitable. To relieve swelling at the site of inflammation, you can make a mouth bath. To do this, add a teaspoon of baking soda and salt to a glass of warm water. The solution should be taken into the mouth and held for one minute. You can do this bath up to five times during the day.

Carefully! Wrapping the area of ​​inflammation in warm clothes is strictly prohibited. As the temperature rises, the rate of the inflammatory process increases. Because of this, the infection begins to spread to healthy tissue even faster. And the lesion becomes larger every minute.

Remember, first aid for toothache does not apply to medical procedures! It only eliminates the pain and makes the situation easier. The cause of pain can only be detected and treated by a specialist. Therefore, it is imperative to show your child to the dentist. He will make a diagnosis and carry out complete treatment.

Disadvantages of tablets

Painkillers also have a downside: almost all pills have side effects.

• Negatively affect the functioning of the digestive system. Erosion and ulcers can form on the walls of the stomach, so if there are problems with the gastrointestinal tract, it is better to choose a different method.
• Disturbs liver function.
• They can cause headache, shortness of breath, swelling, skin rashes, etc.

Most analgesics are prohibited for expectant and nursing mothers, young children and people with systemic diseases that are included in the list of contraindications. Therefore, it is recommended to consult a doctor before use.